Tumor Kulit (Sarung Tangan Equine) Di Kuda

2024 Pengarang: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Diubah suai terakhir: 2023-12-17 03:12

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Sarkoid adalah tumor yang terdapat pada kulit kuda, keldai, dan keldai. Ini adalah salah satu neoplasi kulit yang paling biasa dilihat pada kuda. Umumnya jinak dan tidak mengancam nyawa tetapi boleh menyerang tempatan. Sarkoid boleh mempunyai beberapa penampilan yang berbeza dan kadang-kadang kelihatan seperti kawasan yang menebal dan berdarah (ulserasi) yang mungkin berkerak ketika sembuh. Luka kulit yang lain, seperti papilloma kuda, boleh dikelirukan dengan sarkoid. Walau bagaimanapun, papilloma akan hilang sendiri dari masa ke masa, sementara sarcoid jarang akan mundur.

Gejala dan Jenis

Terdapat enam klasifikasi sarkoid yang berbeza berdasarkan penampilannya.

1. Sarkoid nod

• Nodul bulat yang tegas dan tinggi
• Diameter 5 - 20 mm
• Biasanya di kawasan selubung / pangkal paha dan kelopak mata

2. sarcoid fibroplastik

• Proliferatif, berdaging, dan ulseratif
• Biasanya di sepanjang pangkal paha, kaki bawah, dan kelopak mata

3. Sarkoid yang betul

• Penampilan seperti ketuat
• Boleh berlaku di mana sahaja di kawasan muka, badan, dan pangkal paha

4. Sarkoid tersembunyi atau rata

• Kawasan rata dan pekat bulat
• Mungkin juga muncul sebagai nodul kecil berdiameter 2 - 5 mm
• Biasanya terdapat pada leher, mulut, mata, dan bahagian dalam paha dan bahagian atas kaki

5. Sarkoid jahat

• Muncul sebagai nodul berganda
• Secara invasif dan kadang-kadang menyusup ke sistem limfa tempatan, kelihatan seperti tali di bawah kulit

6. Sarkoid bercampur

• Lesi muncul sebagai campuran dari yang disebutkan di atas.
• Jenis ini lebih khas dari sarkoid yang sudah lama menunggang kuda, atau mengalami trauma.

Punca

Tidak ada sebab khusus yang dikenal pasti untuk sarkoid, tetapi virus papilloma bovine (BPV) dianggap sebagai penyumbang yang berpotensi. Kedua-dua jenis BPV 1 dan 2 telah dikaitkan dengan pembentukan penyakit sarkoid pada kuda. Penyelidikan belum menentukan kaedah di mana penyakit ini ditularkan, tetapi terdapat beberapa teori.

Satu teori adalah bahawa kulit yang sebelumnya luka lebih terdedah kepada perkembangan sarkoid. Lain adalah lalat bertindak sebagai sumber penularan (vektor) virus, ketika mereka mendarat di tempat luka pada pelbagai haiwan. Dan yang lain percaya bahawa berkongsi peralatan atau peralatan yang tercemar antara kuda yang dijangkiti dan haiwan lain akan menyebarkan virus.

Tidak ada petunjuk tentang kemungkinan seks atau keturunan untuk sarkoid. Walau bagaimanapun, lebih daripada 70% tumor ini berkembang pada kuda yang berumur kurang dari 4 tahun. Sarcoid boleh timbul secara spontan atau kadang-kadang di lokasi trauma sebelumnya.

Diagnosis

Doktor haiwan mungkin dapat mendiagnosis lesi hanya dengan penampilan dan lokasi tumor; namun, diagnosis positif hanya dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan biopsi kulit. Dalam beberapa kes, doktor haiwan mungkin tidak ingin melakukan biopsi kulit, kerana boleh menyebabkan sarkoma menjadi jengkel dan bertambah buruk.

Potensi luka kulit yang lain harus dikesampingkan, dan doktor haiwan anda akan memeriksa keadaan kulit yang lain seperti jangkitan kulat (dermatophytosis) dan ketuat (papilloma).

Rawatan

Sarkoid sukar dirawat dan tidak ada satu pun terapi terbaik untuk digunakan. Beberapa kaedah merangkumi pembuangan pembedahan (eksisi), terapi pembekuan (cryotherapy), rawatan laser, ubat kemoterapi topikal, suntikan ubat kemoterapi ke dalam tumor, terapi gelombang radio, dan rawatan panas. Imunoterapi juga telah digunakan.

Kambuhan tumor adalah perkara biasa selepas penyingkiran, tetapi tidak cenderung merebak ke organ dalaman seperti beberapa barah lain (metastasize). Kambuhan itu menyebabkan beberapa orang menganggap bahawa pembuangan pembedahan mengaktifkan komponen virus yang sedang berehat (laten) di dalam kulit yang kelihatan normal di sekitar tepi tumor. Oleh kerana itu, berkali-kali doktor haiwan memilih untuk tidak merawat sarkoid sama sekali, hanya membiarkannya melainkan ia meradang atau menyebabkan sakit kuda.

Hidup dan Pengurusan

Beberapa penyelidikan menunjukkan bahawa vaksin atau rawatan anti-virus mungkin merupakan kemungkinan untuk keadaan ini. Kajian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menentukan apakah ini akan berkesan di masa depan. Penyingkiran sarkoid dapat membantu mengawal penyakit ini, tetapi tidak dapat menyembuhkan keadaan sepenuhnya.

Pencegahan

Oleh kerana tidak ada vaksin pada masa ini, tidak ada pencegahan komersil yang tersedia untuk sarkoid. Walau bagaimanapun, pengurusan luka sangat penting untuk kuda, terutama semasa musim terbang.