Anemia Berjangkit Equine

2024 Pengarang: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Diubah suai terakhir: 2023-12-17 03:12

Anemia Jangkitan di Kuda

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Kadang-kadang disebut sebagai malaria kuda atau demam paya, Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) adalah virus yang menyebabkan pemusnahan sel darah merah kuda, menyebabkan anemia, kelemahan, dan kematian. EIA telah menjadi endemik di bahagian-bahagian tertentu di dunia, tetapi sangat jarang berlaku di Amerika Syarikat. Sebenarnya, EIA adalah penyakit yang dilaporkan di A. S., yang bermaksud bahawa jika didiagnosis dengan kuda di negara ini, doktor haiwan diminta untuk memberitahu USDA.

Tidak ada penawar untuk Anemia Berjangkit Equine. Ia disebarkan oleh kuda kuda. Kuda perlu diuji penyakit ini untuk masuk ke pertunjukan dan untuk pengangkutan di seluruh negeri. Ini adalah ujian darah rutin sederhana yang disebut ujian Coggins.

Gejala

EIA boleh hadir sebagai bentuk akut atau bentuk kronik. Bentuk akut biasanya membawa maut. Sekiranya kuda bertahan, ia akan menjadi pembawa penyakit kronik. Setelah dijangkiti, virus itu kekal di dalam tubuh kuda sepanjang hayatnya. Pengangkut kronik disebut sebagai "paya".

• Anemia
• Kelesuan
• Pengurangan berat
• Demam
• Limpa yang diperbesar
• Perut dan kaki yang bengkak (edema)
• Kemurungan
• Penurunan prestasi atletik
• Kematian (dalam kes akut)

Sebab

EIA disebabkan oleh virus retro dan ditularkan oleh kuda kuda. Walau bagaimanapun, jangkitan juga dapat disebarkan melalui barang-barang yang tercemar darah seperti jarum, jarum suntikan yang tidak disterilkan, dll.

Diagnosis

Doktor haiwan anda biasanya akan melakukan ujian Coggins pada haiwan yang disyaki, yang merupakan ujian darah yang dijalankan oleh makmal untuk mendiagnosis EIA pada kuda.

Rawatan

Tidak ada rawatan atau vaksin yang tersedia di A. S. pada masa ini untuk EIA, walaupun kebanyakan kuda yang bertahan dalam bentuk akut penyakit ini mungkin timbul akibat gejala secara episod. Cukup menarik, bahkan ada kajian yang dilakukan berkaitan virus HIV manusia dan EIA, kerana kedua-duanya adalah retrovirus.

Hidup dan Pengurusan

Sekiranya kuda di A. S. didiagnosis menghidap EIA, terdapat tiga pilihan yang dimandatkan oleh USDA. Oleh kerana ia adalah penyakit yang dilaporkan dan tidak ada penawar, pilihan pertama dan paling umum adalah euthanasia. Kedua, kuda yang dijangkiti dapat disumbangkan ke pusat penyelidikan. Ketiga, pemiliknya boleh membina gudang tertutup sepenuhnya yang ditutup dengan wire mesh yang tidak membenarkan kuda-kuda kuda masuk dan kuda dilarang melakukan sebarang kontak dengan kuda lain. Oleh kerana kos dan had pilihan ketiga, dan sebilangan kecil makmal yang akan menerima kuda positif EIA, kebanyakan kes mengakibatkan euthanasia.